Database systems and methods for conversation-driven dynamic updates

ABSTRACT

Computing systems, database systems, and related conversational updating methods are provided for dynamically updating graphical user interfaces responsive to conversational user inputs received via a chatbot or other conversational interactions with a user. One method involves receiving a conversational user input from a conversation session graphical user interface display presented at a client device, identifying a desire to perform an action with respect to a database component based on the conversational user input, creating a database entry corresponding to the conversational user input, obtaining data corresponding to the conversational user input from a database communicatively coupled to the server, and providing an update to a second graphical user interface display at the client device in response to the conversational user input, wherein the update is influenced by the data corresponding to the conversational user input obtained from the database and reflects the desired action with respect to the database component.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.17/302,172, filed Apr. 26, 2021, which is a continuation of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 16/368,238, filed Mar. 28, 2019, now U.S. Pat. No.11,016,722, issued May 25, 2021, which claims the benefit of U.S.Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/735,763, filed Sep. 24, 2018,the entire content of which is incorporated by reference herein.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments of the subject matter described herein relate generally todatabase systems, and more particularly, to methods and systems thatsupport dynamic graphical user interface updates responsive toconversational interactions with a database system.

BACKGROUND

Modern software development is evolving away from the client-servermodel toward network-based processing systems that provide access todata and services via the Internet or other networks. In contrast totraditional systems that host networked applications on dedicated serverhardware, a “cloud” computing model allows applications to be providedover the network “as a service” or “on-demand” by an infrastructureprovider. The infrastructure provider typically abstracts the underlyinghardware and other resources used to deliver a customer-developedapplication so that the customer no longer needs to operate and supportdedicated server hardware. The cloud computing model can often providesubstantial cost savings to the customer over the life of theapplication because the customer no longer needs to provide dedicatednetwork infrastructure, electrical and temperature controls, physicalsecurity and other logistics in support of dedicated server hardware.

Developments in artificial intelligence and computational linguisticshave enabled conversational interactions with users as an alternative toconventional human machine interfaces or graphical user interfaces thatmany users may find more accessible or otherwise preferable tonavigating a complex sequence of menus or other graphical user interfacedisplays using conventional interfaces, which can be difficult andtime-consuming for users who are relatively inexperienced or otherwiseunfamiliar with the software platform(s). Thus, many applicationsincreasingly incorporate so-called “chatbots,” virtual assistants, orother software agents to support interfacing with users in a manner thatattempts to reduce the burden on the user by using natural languageprocessing. However, such conversational software agents are oftenimplemented in isolation, which often requires additional userinteraction outside of the conversation to achieve a user's objective.Accordingly, it is desirable to provide methods and systems thatsupplementally respond to conversational interaction in automated mannerto reduce the time and effort required by individual users.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

A more complete understanding of the subject matter may be derived byreferring to the detailed description and claims when considered inconjunction with the following figures, wherein like reference numbersrefer to similar elements throughout the figures.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary computing system;

FIG. 2 depicts a sequence of communications within the computing systemof FIG. 1 in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of theconversational updating processes described herein;

FIGS. 3-5 depict an exemplary graphical user interface (GUI) displaysequence illustrating the conversational updating processes describedherein in accordance with one or more exemplary embodiments;

FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of an exemplary conversational updating processsuitable for implementation in the computing system of FIG. 1 inaccordance with one or more embodiments; and

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an exemplary multi-tenant system suitablefor use with the computing system of FIG. 1 in accordance with one ormore embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the subject matter described herein generally relate tomethods and systems for dynamically updating graphical user interface(GUI) displays responsive to conversational user interactions with adatabase system. Depending on the embodiment, the conversational userinput may be realized as an unconstrained string or combination of wordsprovided in a free-form or unstructured manner using natural languagerather than a predefined syntax, or the conversational user input may beotherwise received in the context of a conversational interaction with adatabase system. The content or payload of a conversational user inputmay be parsed or otherwise analyzed to identify the relevant componentof the database system to which the user input is directed, an actionthat is desired to be performed with respect to that component and/orother aspects associated with the database component or action (e.g.,attributes, fields, prerequisites, etc.).

As described in greater detail below, in exemplary embodiments, for eachconversational interaction with a user of a client device, acorresponding log of the conversation is created in a database thatmaintains an association between the conversation session and theconstituent messages of the conversation. In response to receiving aconversational user input, a corresponding message entry is created inthe conversation log (or message bus) that includes or otherwisemaintains the payload of the conversational user input in associationwith the conversation session. In some embodiments, one or more workflowrules are applied to determine whether or not to tag, mark, encode, orotherwise designate the newly created message entry as corresponding toa platform event.

A message brokering application or software agent, alternativelyreferred to herein as a message broker, continually monitors theconversation log associated with an active conversation to identify newmessage. In response to identifying a new message, the message brokerqueries the database to obtain the payload of the message and thenparses or otherwise analyzes the payload of the message to identify therelevant database component(s), action(s), attribute(s), field(s), andthe like that were included in the conversational user input.Thereafter, the message broker generates one or more query statementsand then queries a database in accordance with the message payload(e.g., by querying for instances of an identified type of databaseobject having associated attributes or fields matching those attributesor fields provided in the conversational user input). The message brokermay also invoke or otherwise perform one or more actions indicated bythe conversational user input on the data obtained as a result of thequerying. Thereafter, the resulting data is utilized to generate orotherwise provide one or more updated GUI displays (or update anexisting GUI element previously presented thereon) on the client devicein a manner that is responsive to or otherwise reflects the mostrecently received conversational user input in real-time. In someembodiments, the message broker only monitors for messages tagged ascorresponding to platform events and only generates GUI updates inresponse to such platform event messages without taking action withrespect to message entries that are not designated as platform events.

For example, in one or more exemplary embodiments, a chatbot componentassociated with a conversational GUI display presented at a clientdevice utilizes natural language processing to analyze conversationaluser input and identify or otherwise determine an intent or objective ofa user of the client device to perform an action with respect to acomponent of a database system (e.g., viewing instances of a databaseobject, viewing or running a report summarizing instances of a databaseobject, viewing or modifying fields of a database object, etc.). Inresponse to identifying a desire to perform an action with respect to adatabase component, the chatbot component triggers a correspondingpublish message flow in a database layer that pertains to that action.In this regard, when a user initiates or otherwise activates the chatbotcomponent (e.g., by clicking on the chatbot button in a web page), thatinitiating event is utilized to generate a key or value (e.g., acombination of the user's email address and a cryptographic hash value)for managing the chatbot session in the database system. In the absenceof the requisite user information for managing the chatbot session, thechatbot component may generate or trigger a GUI display or obtaininguser information (e.g., email address, name, etc.) before enablingconversational interaction. The chatbot session key is then utilized toassociate the chatbot GUI display with the underlying web page or GUIdisplay from which the chatbot was initiated. In this regard, the GUIdisplay may be automatically subscribed to the chatbot session uponcreation of the chatbot session key. Thereafter, when the chatbotcomponent determines the user intent to perform an action with respectto a database component, a corresponding publish message event iscreated in the database that maintains the association between thechatbot session key, the identified action and the related databasecomponent. In this regard, the publish message event may be added to amessage bus that allows events to be added in a chronological order.

In exemplary embodiment, the chatbot component creates the publishmessage event using a custom bot message event or otherwise designatesthe publish message event as a bot message. A separate message brokercomponent monitors the message bus or other component or layer of thedatabase for bot message events and identifies or otherwise determineswhether a bot message event is relevant to the current user of theclient device using the chatbot session key. When a bot message eventpertaining to a chatbot session that a GUI display is subscribed to isidentified, the bot message event is translated or otherwise transformedinto a GUI event that is published, provided or otherwise made availableto the GUI display. In response, GUI components in the GUI display thatare impacted by the GUI event perform the action dictated by the GUIevent (e.g., refresh, hide, etc.), such that the background GUI displayis dynamically updated in response to events identified from within thechatbot session. Thus, a GUI display that is underlying or adjacent to achatbot GUI may dynamically update in response to conversational inputreceived via the chatbot GUI in a manner that reflects the userobjective or intent derived from the conversational input.

FIG. 1 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a computing system 100 capableof supporting conversational interactions with a user of a client device106 and performing corresponding actions with respect to one or moredatabase components maintained in a database 104 and utilized by aserver 102 to support an instance of an application provided by theserver 102. In the illustrated embodiment, the server 102 iscommunicatively coupled to the database 104 and the client device 106via a communications network 108. The communications network 108 may berealized as any sort or combination of wired and/or wireless computernetwork, a cellular network, a mobile broadband network, a radionetwork, the Internet, or the like. It should be noted that FIG. 1 is asimplified representation of a computing system 100 for purposes ofexplanation and is not intended to be limiting. For example, inpractice, multiple instances of client devices 106 communicating on thenetwork 108 may be present, with any number of instances of applicationsbeing provided by the server 102 to various instances of client devices106.

The server 102 generally represents a computing device, computing systemor another combination of processing logic, circuitry, hardware, and/orother components configured to support the conversational interactionprocesses, tasks, operations, and/or functions described herein. In thisregard, the server 102 includes a processing system 120, which may beimplemented using any suitable processing system and/or device, such as,for example, one or more processors, central processing units (CPUs),controllers, microprocessors, microcontrollers, processing cores and/orother hardware computing resources configured to support the operationof the processing system 120 described herein. The processing system 120may include or otherwise access a data storage element 122 (or memory)capable of storing programming instructions for execution by theprocessing system 120, that, when read and executed, cause processingsystem 120 to support the processes described herein. Depending on theembodiment, the memory 122 may be realized as a random-access memory(RAM), read only memory (ROM), flash memory, magnetic or optical massstorage, or any other suitable non-transitory short or long-term datastorage or other computer-readable media, and/or any suitablecombination thereof. In one or more embodiments, the programminginstructions cause the processing system 120 to create, generate, orotherwise facilitate the application platform 124 that generates orotherwise provides instances of a virtual application at run-time (or“on-demand”) based at least in part upon code and other data that isstored or otherwise maintained by the database 104. Accordingly, forpurposes of explanation but without limitation, the server 102 mayalternatively be referred to herein as an application server 102.

In exemplary embodiments, the programming instructions also cause theprocessing system 120 to create, generate, or otherwise facilitate aconversational interaction engine 126 that supports the conversationalinteraction processes and related tasks, operations, and/or functionsdescribed herein. Depending on the embodiment, the conversationalinteraction engine 126 can be integrated with or otherwise incorporatedas part of a virtual application, or be realized as a separate orstandalone process, application programming interface (API), softwareagent, or the like that is capable of interacting with the client device106 independent of the virtual application to perform actions in thedatabase 104. As described in greater detail below, the conversationalinteraction engine 126 incorporates or otherwise references a vocabulary128 of words, phrases, phonemes, or the like associated with aparticular language that supports conversational interaction with theuser of the client device 106. For example, the vocabulary 128 may beutilized by the conversational interaction engine 126 to provide speechrecognition or otherwise parse and resolve text or other conversationalinput received by the conversational interaction engine 126, as well asgenerate or otherwise provide conversational output (e.g., text, audio,or the like) to the client device 106 for presentation to the user(e.g., in response to received conversational input). In the illustratedembodiment, the vocabulary data 128 is stored or otherwise maintained inmemory 122, however, in alternative embodiments, the vocabulary data 128may be stored or maintained in the database 104. For purposes ofexplanation but without limitation, the conversational interactionengine 126 may alternatively be referred to herein as a chatbot.

The client device 106 generally represents an electronic device coupledto the network 108 that may be utilized by a user to access theapplication platform 124 on the application server 102 to retrieve datafrom the database 104 via the network 108. In practice, the clientdevice 106 can be realized as any sort of personal computer, mobiletelephone, tablet or other network-enabled electronic device. Inexemplary embodiments, the client device 106 includes a display device,such as a monitor, screen, or another conventional electronic display,capable of graphically presenting data and/or information provided bythe application platform 124 along with a user input device, such as atouchscreen, a touch panel, a mouse, a joystick, a directional pad, amotion sensor, or the like, capable of receiving input from the user ofthe client device 106. The illustrated client device 106 executes orotherwise supports a client application 107 that communicates with theapplication platform 124 on the server 102 using a networking protocol.In some embodiments, the client application 107 is realized as a webbrowser or similar local client application executed by the clientdevice 106 that contacts the application server 102 and/or applicationplatform 124 using a networking protocol, such as the hypertexttransport protocol (HTTP) or the like, to access or otherwise initiatean instance of a virtual application presented on the client device 106.

In exemplary embodiments, the database 104 stores or otherwise maintainsdata for integration with or invocation by a virtual application inobjects organized in object tables 110. In this regard, the database 104includes a plurality of different object tables 110 configured to storeor otherwise maintain alphanumeric values, metadata, or otherdescriptive information that define a particular instance of arespective type of object associated with a respective object table 110.For example, the virtual application may support a number of differenttypes of objects that may be incorporated into or otherwise depicted ormanipulated by the virtual application, with each different type ofobject having a corresponding object table 110 that includes columns orfields corresponding to the different parameters or criteria that definea particular instance of that object.

In exemplary embodiments described herein, the database 104 stores orotherwise maintains application objects (e.g., an application objecttype) where the application object table 110 includes columns or fieldscorresponding to the different parameters or criteria that define aparticular application capable of being generated or otherwise providedby the application platform 124 on a client device 106. In this regard,the database 104 may also store or maintain graphical user interface(GUI) objects that may be associated with or referenced by a particularapplication object and include columns or fields that define the layout,sequencing, and other characteristics of GUI displays to be presented bythe application platform 124 on a client device 106 in conjunction withthat application. Additionally, the database 104 stores or otherwisemaintains additional database objects for association and/or integrationwith the application, which may include custom objects and/or standardobjects, as described in greater detail below.

In exemplary embodiments, the database 104 also includes or otherwisemaintains one or more validation tables 112 that include one or morevalidation rules or criteria associated with respective types ofdatabase object types that may be applied to entries in the variousdatabase object tables 110. A validation rule provides validationcriteria for one or more fields (or columns) of a particular databaseobject type, such as, minimum and/or maximum values for a particularfield, a range of allowable values for the particular field, a set ofallowable values for a particular field, or the like. Additionally, thevalidation rule may provide a default value to be assigned to a field(or column) of a particular database object table 110 when the value forthat field of a particular record or entry in that database object table110 does not satisfy the validation criteria for that field. In someembodiments, the validation rules associated with a particular databaseobject type may identify or otherwise indicate required fields for thatparticular object.

Additionally, the database 104 stores or otherwise maintains metadata114, which may be utilized to perform data manipulation and/orformatting. For example, the metadata 114 may include or define describeany number of workflows, process flows, formulas, business logic,structure and other database components or constructs that may beassociated with a particular application database object. In thisregard, in some embodiments, the metadata 114 may associated with aparticular type of application or other database component may identifyor otherwise indicate other database objects may be required forsupporting the particular workflows, process flows, formulas, businesslogic, or other aspects of the logical structure of that application.

In various embodiments, the application platform 124 and/or theconversational interaction engine 126 receives or otherwise obtains aconversational input from a user of the client device 106 (e.g., viaclient application 107 and network 108) and parses the conversationalinput using the conversational vocabulary 128 to identify or otherwisediscern a particular type of action that the user would like to performwith respect to a particular type of database object in the database.Based on the requested action and database object, the conversationalinteraction engine 126 accesses the database 104 to identify orotherwise determine what additional information or data may be requiredfor performing the requested database action. For example, if therecognized database action is viewing instances of a particular type ofobject, the conversational interaction engine 126 accesses the metadata114 and/or validation rules 112 associated with that particular type ofobject to identify any fields, attributes, or the like that may beutilized to further filter or refine the view for that particular typeof object.

As described in greater detail below in the context of FIGS. 2-6, inexemplary embodiments, the programming instructions stored or maintainedin memory 122 also cause the processing system 120 to create, generate,or otherwise facilitate a message brokering application 130 thatsupports the conversational updating processes and related tasks,operations, and/or functions described herein to dynamically update oneor more GUI displays (or components thereof) at the client device 106responsive to conversational user input received from the client device106. For purposes of explanation and without limitation, the messagebrokering application 130 is alternatively referred to herein as amessage broker. Depending on the embodiment, the conversationalinteraction engine 126 can be integrated with or otherwise incorporatedas part of a virtual application, or be realized as a separate orstandalone process, application programming interface (API), softwareagent, or the like that monitors conversation log data 142 maintained ina platform event database 140 coupled to the network 108 to identify,substantially in real-time, new messages associated with a currentconversational interaction between the client application 107 and thechatbot 126. In response to a new message associated with the currentconversation session between the client application 107 and the chatbot126, the message broker 130 retrieves or otherwise obtains, via thenetwork 108, the payload or other content associated with that messagethat is stored in the conversation logs 142 at the platform eventdatabase 140 from the platform event database 140.

In exemplary embodiments, the programming instructions stored ormaintained in memory 122 also cause the processing system 120 to create,generate, or otherwise facilitate a message translating application 132(or message translator) that is configured to translate or otherwisetransform the message payload and/or other platform event informationreceived from the message broker 130 into corresponding updates to theGUI displays and/or components presented within the client application107 at the client device 106. In this regard, the message translator 132may utilize the message payload to generate query statements forquerying or otherwise obtaining data from the object tables 110 in thedatabase 104 and perform other filtering or processing of such objectdata corresponding to the message payload in accordance with the messagepayload. Thereafter, the message translator 132 may dynamically updateone or more GUI components within a GUI display associated with theclient application 107 to reflect the data obtained from the database104 responsive to the conversational user input. Thus, background GUIcomponents or background GUI displays may be dynamically updatedsubstantially in real-time to reflect conversational user input receivedvia an overlying GUI display associated with the conversation sessionwith the chatbot 126. It should be noted that although FIG. 1 depictsthe message broker 130 and the message translator 132 as separatecomponents, in practice, the features or functionality of the messagetranslator 132 may be integrated with the message broker 130.Additionally, although FIG. 1 depicts each of the chatbot 126, themessage broker 130, and the message translator 132 as being implementedat an individual server 102, in practice, one or more may be distributedacross different servers, for example, at or within a server farm, whichmay reside behind a load balancer.

FIG. 2 depicts an exemplary sequence 200 of communications within thecomputing system 100 in accordance with one or more embodiments of theconversation-driven updating processes described herein. Referring toFIG. 2 with continued reference to FIG. 1, the sequence 200 begins withthe client application 107 and the chatbot 126 communicating 202 toestablish a conversation session. For example, the application server102 and/or application platform 124 may receive login credentials orother authentication information from the client device 106 via thenetwork 108, authenticate the user, and then utilize a user ID or otheridentifier(s) associated with the user to initiate a virtual applicationwithin the client application 107 at the client device 106. In one ormore embodiments, a conversation session may be initiated in response toa user selecting a GUI element for a help feature, a digital assistant,or similar feature supported by the application platform 124, and inresponse, the application platform 124 may generate or otherwise providea GUI display (e.g., a chat window) or other GUI elements within theclient application 107 on the client device 106 that prompt the user toindicate what he or she would like to accomplish. In other embodiments,the chatbot 126 automatically creates or otherwise initiates aconversation session by generating a unique session key or similaridentifier to be associated with the conversation and generating orotherwise providing a chat GUI display within the client application107.

In exemplary embodiments, the chatbot 126 transmits 204 or otherwiseprovides the session key for the current conversation to the platformevent database 140. In this regard, the chatbot 126 communicates withthe platform event database 140 to initiate the conversation session inthe conversation log data 142 or otherwise configure the platform eventdatabase 140 for tracking the current conversation. In the illustratedembodiment, in response to receiving the session key from the chatbot126, the client application 107 automatically transmits 206 or otherwiseprovides the session key to the message broker 130 for monitoring thecurrent conversation session. In other embodiments, the message broker130 may receive the session key from the chatbot 126, or the messagebroker 130 may continually monitor the platform event database 140 toidentify the instantiation of a new conversation and obtain the sessionkey associated therewith.

The user of the client device 106 interacts or otherwise communicates208 with the chatbot 126 via an associated GUI display within the clientapplication 107 (e.g., a chat window) to transmit or otherwise provideuser input in the context of the current conversation. Theconversational user input is indicative of the particular databaseobject or action the user would like to perform. Depending on theembodiment, the conversational input may be received by the userselecting or otherwise activating a GUI element presented within thechat window, or the user may input (e.g., via typing, swiping, touch,voice, or any other suitable method) a conversational string of words ina free-form or unconstrained manner, which is captured by a user inputdevice of the client device 106 and provided over the network 108 to theapplication platform 124 and/or the chatbot 126 via the clientapplication 107. The chatbot 126 parses or otherwise analyzes theconversational input using natural language processing to identify thedesired database action the user would like to perform and/or the typeof database component implicated by that database action based on thecontent, syntax, structure and/or other linguistic characteristics ofthe conversational input. In one or more embodiments, the chatbot 126applies one or more workflow rules or other logging rules or criteria todetermine whether the conversational user input corresponds to aplatform event.

When the received conversational user input corresponds to a platformevent, the chatbot 126 transmits or otherwise provides 210 the payloador content of the conversational input to the platform event database140, which stores or otherwise maintains a new entry for the newlyreceived message associated with the conversation session in theconversation log 142. The entry for the new message in the conversationlog 142 includes the unique session key or other identifiers associatedwith the current conversation session in association with the payload orcontent of the received conversational user input. Additionally, in someembodiments, the chatbot 126 may tag, mark, or otherwise designate thenew message entry as corresponding to a platform event update (e.g., abot message event).

The message broker 130 periodically or continually monitors theconversation logs 142 in the platform event database 140 for new messageentries corresponding to a conversation session that the message broker130 is subscribed to. In some embodiments, the message broker 130monitors for new message entries that match a subscribed session keythat are also marked or designated as a platform event update (e.g., abot message event). In response to identifying a new message entryhaving an associated session key that matches the session key receivedvia communication 206, the message broker 130 retrieves or otherwiseobtains 212 the payload and/or content associated with that new message,and then utilizes the received message content to query or otherwiseretrieve 214 corresponding data from the object tables 110 in thedatabase 104. Although not shown in FIG. 2, in some embodiments, themessage broker 130 utilizes the message translator 132 to translate thepayload or content of the platform event update into one or more querystatements configured to retrieve the relevant data or information forcreating a corresponding event for updating GUI displays or componentswithin the client application 107 (e.g., to translate a bot messageevent into a GUI event). After retrieving the object data correspondingto the received conversational input, the message broker 130 (or messagetranslator 132) transmits or otherwise provides 216 updates to one ormore GUI display(s) or GUI component(s) presented within the clientapplication 107 at the client device 106. Thus, background GUI displaysor background GUI components may be dynamically updated 216 in responseto a received conversational user input 208 within an overlying GUIdisplay associated with a conversation session with the chatbot 126.

FIGS. 3-5 depict exemplary sequence of GUI displays that may bepresented by the client application 107 in connection with thecommunications sequence 200 of FIG. 2 or the conversational updatingprocess 600 of FIG. 6. FIG. 3 depicts an initial GUI display that may bepresented within the client application 107 after authenticating theuser of the client device 106 and initiating a conversation session. Inthis regard, the GUI display includes a conversation session GUI display300 (or chat window) overlying a background GUI display 302. The chatbot126 prompts the user for a conversational user input by generating orotherwise providing a list or menu 304 of selectable GUI elements withinthe chat window 300, with the selectable GUI elements 304 correspondingto different types of objects in the database 104 that the user may liketo view or otherwise analyze. The illustrated background GUI display 302includes a bar chart GUI component 306 and a list view GUI component308, which may be initially generated by the application platform 124based on a default set of data maintained in the object tables 110 ofthe database 104 that are associated with or otherwise accessible to theuser.

Referring to FIGS. 3-4, the chatbot 126 receives a conversational userinput in response to the user selecting a GUI element 310 from withinthe menu 304 or the user inputting or otherwise providing the name of anobject presented within the menu 304 within a text box 312 configured toreceive conversational user input. In response to receiving 210conversational user input indicating the user would like to view datapertaining to his or her accounts, the chatbot 126 generates orotherwise creates 210 a new message entry in the conversation log 142 inthe platform event database 140 that includes payload indicating theaccount database object type as being of interest to the user. The newmessage entry may also include the user identifier for the user makingthe request along with the session key.

The message broker 130 identifies the new message entry in theconversation log 142 and retrieves 212 the payload of the message fromthe platform event database 140. The message broker 130 and/or themessage translator 132 identifies the message payload as invokingaccount database objects and then queries the database 104 to obtain,from the object tables 110, one or more fields of various instances ofaccount database objects that are associated with or otherwiseaccessible to the user of the client device 106 (e.g., by using theuser's identifier or another identifier associated with the user as afilter). Based on the retrieved account data 214, the message broker 130and/or the message translator 132 updates the bar chart component 306and the list view component 308 to reflect the retrieved account data,resulting in the updated background GUI display 400 that includes anupdated bar chart component 406 and an updated list view component 408that graphically depicts the user's account data (or a relevant subsetthereof). In this regard, the message broker 130 and/or the messagetranslator 132 may generate the updated GUI components 406, 408 based onthe retrieved account data and transmit or otherwise provide 216 thecode, data, and/or other information for rendering the updated GUIcomponents 406, 408 to the client application 107, which, in turn,generates or otherwise renders the updated GUI display 400 including theupdated GUI components 406, 408.

Referring to FIG. 5 with reference to FIG. 3, the conversationalupdating process may repeat throughout the duration of the conversationsession to dynamically update the background GUI display responsive toconversational user inputs received via the chat window 300. Forexample, an initial conversational user input 510 identifyingopportunity as the object type of interest, which results in the messagebroker 130 and/or the message translator 132 querying the database 104to obtain, from the object tables 110, one or more fields of variousinstances of opportunity database objects that are associated with orotherwise accessible to the user of the client device 106 (e.g., byusing the user's identifier or another identifier associated with theuser as a filter), generating the initial GUI components 306, 308 basedon the retrieved opportunity data, and transmitting or otherwiseproviding, via the network 108, the code, data, and/or other informationfor rendering the initial GUI components 306, 308 to the clientapplication 107, which, in turn, generates or otherwise renders theinitial GUI display 302. Responsive to the initial conversational userinput 510, the chatbot 126 may generate or otherwise provide aconversational response 512 that prompts the user to provide furtherinput to continue to refine the background GUI display 302.

In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 5, a subsequent conversationaluser input 514 identifies generators as the stage of interest for theuser's opportunities, which results in the message broker 130 and/or themessage translator 132 generating one or more query statements forquerying the database 104 to obtain data pertaining only to the user'sopportunity database objects that have one or more associated fieldsthat designate those opportunities as being generators. In this regard,subsequent conversational user inputs may provide attributes, fields, orother information that may be utilized to dynamically filter orotherwise refine the background GUI display. The message broker 130and/or the message translator 132 query the database 104 to obtain, fromthe object tables 110, one or more fields of various instances ofopportunity database objects that are designated as generators andassociated with or otherwise accessible to the user of the client device106, generate the updated GUI components 506, 508 based on the retrieveddata for the user's opportunities that are generators, and then transmitor otherwise provide, via the network 108, the code, data, and/or otherinformation for rendering the updated GUI components 506, 508 to theclient application 107, which, in turn, generates or otherwise rendersthe updated GUI display 500. In this regard, in response to theconversational user input 514 identifying generators as a field orattribute by which to filter the opportunity objects, the background GUIdisplay presented within the client application 107 behind the chatwindow 300 may be dynamically updated from the initial GUI display 302to the updated GUI display 500 substantially in real-time.

FIG. 6 depicts an exemplary embodiment of a conversational updatingprocess 600 suitable for implementation in a computing system to enableperformance of database actions responsive conversational user inputs.For illustrative purposes, the following description may refer toelements mentioned above in connection with FIGS. 1-5. In this regard,while portions of the conversational updating process 600 may beperformed by different elements of the computing system 100, forpurposes of explanation, the subject matter is described herein in thecontext of the conversational updating process 600 being primarilyperformed by the application platform 124, the message broker 130 and/orthe message translator 132 that are implemented or executed by theprocessing system 120 at the server 102. It should be appreciated thatthe conversational updating process 600 may include any number ofadditional or alternative tasks, the tasks need not be performed in theillustrated order and/or the tasks may be performed concurrently, and/orthe conversational updating process 600 may be incorporated into a morecomprehensive procedure or process having additional functionality notdescribed in detail herein. Moreover, one or more of the tasks shown anddescribed in the context of FIG. 6 could be omitted from a practicalembodiment of the conversational updating process 600 as long as theintended overall functionality remains intact.

The conversational updating process 600 begins with the message broker130 identifying or otherwise obtaining the session key or otheridentifiers for a conversation session to be subscribed to andmonitoring the conversation log in the platform event database for a newmessage associated with the subscribed conversation session (tasks 602,604). In response to identifying a new bot message event, the messagebroker 130 retrieves or otherwise obtains the payload or contentassociated with the new bot message event from the platform eventdatabase 140 (task 606). For example, the message broker 130 and/or themessage translator 132 may transform the platform event message into oneor more query statements for obtaining the relevant subset of data fromthe database 104 that corresponds to the payload of the new message(tasks 608, 610, 612). In one embodiment, the message translator 132 maytransform the payload from a format associated with the platform event(e.g., a bot message event) into a different platform event format forsubsequent presentation or rendering (e.g., a GUI event) using the queryresults. Thereafter, the conversational updating process 600 updates oneor more GUI components or GUI displays presented at the clientapplication 107 to reflect the data obtained from querying the database(task 614), as described above.

FIG. 7 depicts an exemplary embodiment of an on-demand multi-tenantdatabase system 700 suitable for use with the conversational updatingprocess 600 of FIG. 6 or the computing system 100 of FIG. 1. Theillustrated multi-tenant system 700 of FIG. 7 includes a server 702,such as server 102, that dynamically creates and supports virtualapplications 728 based upon data 732 from a common database 730 (e.g.,database 104) that is shared between multiple tenants, alternativelyreferred to herein as a multi-tenant database. Data and servicesgenerated by the virtual applications 728 are provided via a network 745(e.g., network 108) to any number of client devices 740 (e.g., clientdevice 106), as desired. Each virtual application 728 is suitablygenerated at run-time (or on-demand) using a common application platform710 (e.g., application platform 124) that securely provides access tothe data 732 in the database 730 for each of the various tenantssubscribing to the multi-tenant system 700. In accordance with onenon-limiting example, the multi-tenant system 700 is implemented in theform of an on-demand multi-tenant customer relationship management (CRM)system that can support any number of authenticated users of multipletenants.

As used herein, a “tenant” or an “organization” should be understood asreferring to a group of one or more users that shares access to commonsubset of the data within the multi-tenant database 730. In this regard,each tenant includes one or more users associated with, assigned to, orotherwise belonging to that respective tenant. To put it another way,each respective user within the multi-tenant system 700 is associatedwith, assigned to, or otherwise belongs to a particular tenant of theplurality of tenants supported by the multi-tenant system 700. Tenantsmay represent customers, customer departments, business or legalorganizations, and/or any other entities that maintain data forparticular sets of users within the multi-tenant system 700 (i.e., inthe multi-tenant database 730). For example, the application server 702may be associated with one or more tenants supported by the multi-tenantsystem 700. Although multiple tenants may share access to the server 702and the database 730, the particular data and services provided from theserver 702 to each tenant can be securely isolated from those providedto other tenants (e.g., by restricting other tenants from accessing aparticular tenant's data using that tenant's unique organizationidentifier as a filtering criterion). The multi-tenant architecturetherefore allows different sets of users to share functionality andhardware resources without necessarily sharing any of the data 732belonging to or otherwise associated with other tenants.

The multi-tenant database 730 is any sort of repository or other datastorage system capable of storing and managing the data 732 associatedwith any number of tenants. The database 730 may be implemented usingany type of conventional database server hardware. In variousembodiments, the database 730 shares processing hardware 704 with theserver 702. In other embodiments, the database 730 is implemented usingseparate physical and/or virtual database server hardware thatcommunicates with the server 702 to perform the various functionsdescribed herein. In an exemplary embodiment, the database 730 includesa database management system or other equivalent software capable ofdetermining an optimal query plan for retrieving and providing aparticular subset of the data 732 to an instance of virtual application728 in response to a query initiated or otherwise provided by a virtualapplication 728. The multi-tenant database 730 may alternatively bereferred to herein as an on-demand database, in that the multi-tenantdatabase 730 provides (or is available to provide) data at run-time toon-demand virtual applications 728 generated by the application platform710.

In practice, the data 732 may be organized and formatted in any mannerto support the application platform 710. In various embodiments, thedata 732 is suitably organized into a relatively small number of largedata tables to maintain a semi-amorphous “heap”-type format. The data732 can then be organized as needed for a particular virtual application728. In various embodiments, conventional data relationships areestablished using any number of pivot tables 734 that establishindexing, uniqueness, relationships between entities, and/or otheraspects of conventional database organization as desired. Further datamanipulation and report formatting is generally performed at run-timeusing a variety of metadata constructs. Metadata within a universal datadirectory (UDD) 736, for example, can be used to describe any number offorms, reports, workflows, user access privileges, business logic andother constructs that are common to multiple tenants. Tenant-specificformatting, functions and other constructs may be maintained astenant-specific metadata 738 for each tenant, as desired. Rather thanforcing the data 732 into an inflexible global structure that is commonto all tenants and applications, the database 730 is organized to berelatively amorphous, with the pivot tables 734 and the metadata 738providing additional structure on an as-needed basis. To that end, theapplication platform 710 suitably uses the pivot tables 734 and/or themetadata 738 to generate “virtual” components of the virtualapplications 728 to logically obtain, process, and present therelatively amorphous data 732 from the database 730.

Still referring to FIG. 7, the server 702 is implemented using one ormore actual and/or virtual computing systems that collectively providethe dynamic application platform 710 for generating the virtualapplications 728. For example, the server 702 may be implemented using acluster of actual and/or virtual servers operating in conjunction witheach other, typically in association with conventional networkcommunications, cluster management, load balancing and other features asappropriate. The server 702 operates with any sort of conventionalprocessing hardware 704, such as a processor 705, memory 706,input/output features 707 and the like. The input/output features 707generally represent the interface(s) to networks (e.g., to the network745, or any other local area, wide area or other network), mass storage,display devices, data entry devices and/or the like. The processor 705may be implemented using any suitable processing system, such as one ormore processors, controllers, microprocessors, microcontrollers,processing cores and/or other computing resources spread across anynumber of distributed or integrated systems, including any number of“cloud-based” or other virtual systems. The memory 706 represents anynon-transitory short or long-term storage or other computer-readablemedia capable of storing programming instructions for execution on theprocessor 705, including any sort of random access memory (RAM), readonly memory (ROM), flash memory, magnetic or optical mass storage,and/or the like. The computer-executable programming instructions, whenread and executed by the server 702 and/or processor 705, cause theserver 702 and/or processor 705 to create, generate, or otherwisefacilitate the application platform 710 and/or virtual applications 728and perform one or more additional tasks, operations, functions, and/orprocesses described herein. It should be noted that the memory 706represents one suitable implementation of such computer-readable media,and alternatively or additionally, the server 702 could receive andcooperate with external computer-readable media that is realized as aportable or mobile component or application platform, e.g., a portablehard drive, a USB flash drive, an optical disc, or the like.

The application platform 710 is any sort of software application orother data processing engine that generates the virtual applications 728that provide data and/or services to the client devices 740. In atypical embodiment, the application platform 710 gains access toprocessing resources, communications interfaces and other features ofthe processing hardware 704 using any sort of conventional orproprietary operating system 708. The virtual applications 728 aretypically generated at run-time in response to input received from theclient devices 740. For the illustrated embodiment, the applicationplatform 710 includes a bulk data processing engine 712, a querygenerator 714, a search engine 716 that provides text indexing and othersearch functionality, and a runtime application generator 720. Each ofthese features may be implemented as a separate process or other module,and many equivalent embodiments could include different and/oradditional features, components or other modules as desired.

The runtime application generator 720 dynamically builds and executesthe virtual applications 728 in response to specific requests receivedfrom the client devices 740. The virtual applications 728 are typicallyconstructed in accordance with the tenant-specific metadata 738, whichdescribes the particular tables, reports, interfaces and/or otherfeatures of the particular application 728. In various embodiments, eachvirtual application 728 generates dynamic web content that can be servedto a browser or other client program 742 associated with its clientdevice 740, as appropriate.

The runtime application generator 720 suitably interacts with the querygenerator 714 to efficiently obtain multi-tenant data 732 from thedatabase 730 as needed in response to input queries initiated orotherwise provided by users of the client devices 740. In a typicalembodiment, the query generator 714 considers the identity of the userrequesting a particular function (along with the user's associatedtenant), and then builds and executes queries to the database 730 usingsystem-wide metadata 736, tenant specific metadata 738, pivot tables734, and/or any other available resources. The query generator 714 inthis example therefore maintains security of the common database 730 byensuring that queries are consistent with access privileges granted tothe user and/or tenant that initiated the request. In this manner, thequery generator 714 suitably obtains requested subsets of data 732accessible to a user and/or tenant from the database 730 as needed topopulate the tables, reports or other features of the particular virtualapplication 728 for that user and/or tenant.

Still referring to FIG. 7, the data processing engine 712 performs bulkprocessing operations on the data 732 such as uploads or downloads,updates, online transaction processing, and/or the like. In manyembodiments, less urgent bulk processing of the data 732 can bescheduled to occur as processing resources become available, therebygiving priority to more urgent data processing by the query generator714, the search engine 716, the virtual applications 728, etc.

In exemplary embodiments, the application platform 710 is utilized tocreate and/or generate data-driven virtual applications 728 for thetenants that they support. Such virtual applications 728 may make use ofinterface features such as custom (or tenant-specific) screens 724,standard (or universal) screens 722 or the like. Any number of customand/or standard objects 726 may also be available for integration intotenant-developed virtual applications 728. As used herein, “custom”should be understood as meaning that a respective object or applicationis tenant-specific (e.g., only available to users associated with aparticular tenant in the multi-tenant system) or user-specific (e.g.,only available to a particular subset of users within the multi-tenantsystem), whereas “standard” or “universal” applications or objects areavailable across multiple tenants in the multi-tenant system. Forexample, a virtual CRM application may utilize standard objects 726 suchas “account” objects, “opportunity” objects, “contact” objects, or thelike. The data 732 associated with each virtual application 728 isprovided to the database 730, as appropriate, and stored until it isrequested or is otherwise needed, along with the metadata 738 thatdescribes the particular features (e.g., reports, tables, functions,objects, fields, formulas, code, etc.) of that particular virtualapplication 728. For example, a virtual application 728 may include anumber of objects 726 accessible to a tenant, wherein for each object726 accessible to the tenant, information pertaining to its object typealong with values for various fields associated with that respectiveobject type are maintained as metadata 738 in the database 730. In thisregard, the object type defines the structure (e.g., the formatting,functions and other constructs) of each respective object 726 and thevarious fields associated therewith.

Still referring to FIG. 7, the data and services provided by the server702 can be retrieved using any sort of personal computer, mobiletelephone, tablet or other network-enabled client device 740 on thenetwork 745. In an exemplary embodiment, the client device 740 includesa display device, such as a monitor, screen, or another conventionalelectronic display capable of graphically presenting data and/orinformation retrieved from the multi-tenant database 730. Typically, theuser operates a conventional browser application or other client program742 (e.g., client application 107) executed by the client device 740 tocontact the server 702 via the network 745 using a networking protocol,such as the hypertext transport protocol (HTTP) or the like. The usertypically authenticates his or her identity to the server 702 to obtaina session identifier (“SessionID”) that identifies the user insubsequent communications with the server 702. When the identified userrequests access to a virtual application 728, the runtime applicationgenerator 720 suitably creates the application at run time based uponthe metadata 738, as appropriate. As noted above, the virtualapplication 728 may contain Java, ActiveX, or other content that can bepresented using conventional client software running on the clientdevice 740; other embodiments may simply provide dynamic web or othercontent that can be presented and viewed by the user, as desired.

Referring again to FIGS. 1-6 with reference to FIG. 7, in one or moreexemplary embodiments, the server 702 and/or the application platform710 supports the conversational updating process 600 to provide dynamicGUI updates within client programs 742 at client devices 740 in responseto conversational inputs. In this regard, the server 702 and/or theapplication platform 710 queries the database 730 to obtain the relevantsubset of an organization's or tenant's data from the database 104 thatis accessible to the user of a client device 740 and corresponds to theconversational user input received from that user, and then updates oneor more GUI components or GUI displays presented at the client device740 by the client program 742 to reflect the data obtained from queryingthe database 730 as described above.

In sum, the subject matter described herein provides a framework thatfunctions as a bridge between a chatbot and components of otherplatforms. When a conversation between a user and a chatbot is started,the framework pairs the GUI with the chat session and then startspublishing platform events depending upon the topics in discussion. Whenthe chatbot publishes a platform event, the message broker listening forplatform events for that chat session will identify the new platformevent and transform it into the appropriate form or format for acorresponding event in the destination platform. Any number ofcomponents in the destination platform can be subscribed to the chatsession via the message broker to dynamically react to conversationaluser inputs received via the chat session.

The foregoing description is merely illustrative in nature and is notintended to limit the embodiments of the subject matter or theapplication and uses of such embodiments. Furthermore, there is nointention to be bound by any expressed or implied theory presented inthe technical field, background, or the detailed description. As usedherein, the word “exemplary” means “serving as an example, instance, orillustration.” Any implementation described herein as exemplary is notnecessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over otherimplementations, and the exemplary embodiments described herein are notintended to limit the scope or applicability of the subject matter inany way.

For the sake of brevity, conventional techniques related to querying andother database functions, multi-tenancy, cloud computing, on-demandapplications, artificial intelligence, speech recognition or analysis,digital assistants, and other functional aspects of the systems (and theindividual operating components of the systems) may not be described indetail herein. In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciatethat embodiments may be practiced in conjunction with any number ofsystem and/or network architectures, data transmission protocols, anddevice configurations, and that the system described herein is merelyone suitable example. Furthermore, certain terminology may be usedherein for the purpose of reference only, and thus is not intended to belimiting. For example, the terms “first,” “second” and other suchnumerical terms do not imply a sequence or order unless clearlyindicated by the context.

Embodiments of the subject matter may be described herein in terms offunctional and/or logical block components, and with reference tosymbolic representations of operations, processing tasks, and functionsthat may be performed by various computing components or devices. Suchoperations, tasks, and functions are sometimes referred to as beingcomputer-executed, computerized, software-implemented, orcomputer-implemented. In practice, one or more processing systems ordevices can carry out the described operations, tasks, and functions bymanipulating electrical signals representing data bits at accessiblememory locations, as well as other processing of signals. The memorylocations where data bits are maintained are physical locations thathave particular electrical, magnetic, optical, or organic propertiescorresponding to the data bits. It should be appreciated that thevarious block components shown in the figures may be realized by anynumber of hardware, software, and/or firmware components configured toperform the specified functions. For example, an embodiment of a systemor a component may employ various integrated circuit components, e.g.,memory elements, digital signal processing elements, logic elements,look-up tables, or the like, which may carry out a variety of functionsunder the control of one or more microprocessors or other controldevices. When implemented in software or firmware, various elements ofthe systems described herein are essentially the code segments orinstructions that perform the various tasks. The program or codesegments can be stored in a processor-readable medium or transmitted bya computer data signal embodied in a carrier wave over a transmissionmedium or communication path. The “processor-readable medium” or“machine-readable medium” may include any non-transitory medium that canstore or transfer information. Examples of the processor-readable mediuminclude an electronic circuit, a semiconductor memory device, a ROM, aflash memory, an erasable ROM (EROM), a floppy diskette, a CD-ROM, anoptical disk, a hard disk, a fiber optic medium, a radio frequency (RF)link, or the like. The computer data signal may include any signal thatcan propagate over a transmission medium such as electronic networkchannels, optical fibers, air, electromagnetic paths, or RF links. Thecode segments may be downloaded via computer networks such as theInternet, an intranet, a LAN, or the like. In this regard, the subjectmatter described herein can be implemented in the context of anycomputer-implemented system and/or in connection with two or moreseparate and distinct computer-implemented systems that cooperate andcommunicate with one another. In one or more exemplary embodiments, thesubject matter described herein is implemented in conjunction with avirtual customer relationship management (CRM) application in amulti-tenant environment.

While at least one exemplary embodiment has been presented in theforegoing detailed description, it should be appreciated that a vastnumber of variations exist. It should also be appreciated that theexemplary embodiment or embodiments described herein are not intended tolimit the scope, applicability, or configuration of the claimed subjectmatter in any way. Rather, the foregoing detailed description willprovide those skilled in the art with a convenient road map forimplementing the described embodiment or embodiments. It should beunderstood that various changes can be made in the function andarrangement of elements without departing from the scope defined by theclaims, which includes known equivalents and foreseeable equivalents atthe time of filing this patent application. Accordingly, details of theexemplary embodiments or other limitations described above should not beread into the claims absent a clear intention to the contrary.

What is claimed is:
 1. A non-transitory computer-readable medium havinginstructions stored thereon that, when executed by a processing system,cause the processing system to: identify a request comprising aconversational user input associated with a conversation session,wherein the conversation session is associated with a chat windowpresented at a client device coupled to a network; utilize naturallanguage processing to analyze the conversational user input to identifyan action responsive to the request; perform the action with respect toa component of a platform to obtain resulting data; and automaticallyupdate a graphical user interface at the client device in response tothe conversational user input using the resulting data.
 2. Thecomputer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions cause theprocessing system to utilize the natural language processing to identifyan intent of a user of the client device to perform the action.
 3. Thecomputer-readable medium of claim 2, wherein the instructions cause theprocessing system to utilize the natural language processing to identifythe component implicated by the action.
 4. The computer-readable mediumof claim 2, wherein the instructions cause the processing system toutilize the natural language processing to extract details for theaction from the conversational user input.
 5. The computer-readablemedium of claim 4, wherein the details comprise one or more attributesor fields provided in the conversational user input.
 6. Thecomputer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions cause theprocessing system to utilize the natural language processing to identifyan objective of a user of the client device and automatically update thegraphical user interface in a manner that reflects the objective.
 7. Thecomputer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions cause theprocessing system to provide a conversational software agent to receivethe conversational user input and automatically update the graphicaluser interface at the client device.
 8. The computer-readable medium ofclaim 7, wherein the conversational software agent comprises anapplication programming interface (API) initiated in response to a userselecting a graphical user interface element for a feature supported bythe platform.
 9. The computer-readable medium of claim 8, wherein thefeature comprises a help feature or a digital assistant.
 10. Thecomputer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein: the graphical userinterface corresponds to an instance of a virtual application providedwithin a client application at the client device; and the chat window isprovided within the client application.
 11. The computer-readable mediumof claim 1, wherein the conversational user input comprises a userselecting a graphical user interface element within the chat window. 12.The computer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the conversational userinput comprises an unconstrained string or combination of words providedin a free-form or unstructured manner using natural language.
 13. Thecomputer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instructions cause theprocessing system to automatically log the conversational user input.14. The computer-readable medium of claim 13, wherein the instructionscause the processing system to: monitor a conversation log for an entrycorresponding to the conversational user input that matches a sessionidentifier associated with the conversation session, wherein the entrymaintains an association between the session identifier and content orpayload of the conversational user input; and utilize the naturallanguage processing to analyze the content or payload of theconversational user input to identify at least one of an intent toperform the action and the component of the platform implicated by theaction.
 15. The computer-readable medium of claim 1, whereinautomatically updating the graphical user interface comprisesdynamically updating a web page associated with the chat window.
 16. Thecomputer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein the web page comprises avirtual application supported by the platform.
 17. A computing systemcomprising: a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium that storessoftware; and a processor, coupled to the non-transitorymachine-readable storage medium, to execute the software that implementsa conversational interaction agent to receive conversational user inputfrom a chat window presented at a client device coupled to a network andis configurable to: utilize natural language processing to analyze theconversational user input to identify an intent of a user of the clientdevice to perform a requested action; perform the requested action withrespect to a component of a platform to obtain resulting data; andautomatically update a graphical user interface at the client device inresponse to the conversational user input using the resulting data. 18.The computing system of claim 17, wherein the conversational interactionagent comprises an application programming interface (API).
 19. Thecomputing system of claim 17, wherein the software is configurable toutilize the natural language processing to extract details for therequested action from the conversational user input and performs therequested action in accordance with the details from the conversationaluser input.
 20. A method of automatically updating a graphical userinterface (GUI) responsive to conversational user interactions with asoftware agent, the method comprising: identifying a conversational userinput in a conversation log, wherein the conversational user input isassociated with a conversation session associated with a chat window ata client device coupled to a network; analyzing the conversational userinput using natural language processing to identify an intent to performan action; performing the action with respect to a component of anapplication platform using one or more attributes or fields provided inthe conversational user input to obtain resulting data corresponding tothe action from the application platform; and automatically updating theGUI at the client device over the network in response to theconversational user input to reflect the resulting data.